Component details
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Architecture overview
This architecture runs agent workloads across AWS, Azure, and GCP simultaneously, with a shared orchestration plane sitting above all three clouds. Rather than siloed stacks, agents can route to whichever cloud has available capacity or the right model for the task.
AWS layer
Kinesis enhanced fanout decouples ingestion from inference at high throughput. Lambda (provisioned concurrency) handles sub-second synchronous tool calls with cold starts eliminated. ECS Fargate runs stateful, long-context agents. Step Functions Express Workflows orchestrate multi-step pipelines at up to 100k executions per second. Bedrock routes between Claude, Titan, Cohere, and Llama based on latency SLA and task type — expensive models only get invoked when needed.
Azure layer
Event Hubs' Kafka-compatible interface lets agents reuse existing Kafka producers without rewrite. KEDA scales AKS pods directly from queue depth rather than CPU, which is essential for bursty agent workloads that are idle most of the time. Durable Functions orchestrate fan-out / fan-in patterns with native human-in-the-loop checkpoints — no custom state machines needed. Azure OpenAI PTUs eliminate the per-minute token quota ceiling, making sustained high-throughput inference predictable and cost-stable.
GCP layer
Pub/Sub ordering keys guarantee per-entity agent task ordering at unlimited scale. Vertex Reasoning Engine provides a fully managed agent runtime so you do not need to operate orchestration infrastructure yourself. Gemini Flash is the correct model for high-frequency, sub-200ms tool calls. Dataflow (Apache Beam) handles real-time stream enrichment before tasks reach the agent layer. Spanner gives globally consistent agent state across regions without the complexity of custom replication logic.
Cross-cloud fabric
Private dedicated circuits via Megaport or Equinix mean no agent-to-agent or inter-service traffic touches the public internet. OIDC workload identity federation means no static API keys cross cloud boundaries ever. Istio service mesh with SPIFFE / SVID provides mTLS on every connection. Kafka MirrorMaker 2 active/active replication makes the orchestration plane cloud-agnostic. All telemetry is unified via OpenTelemetry before landing in Grafana Cloud, giving a single pane of glass for SLO tracking regardless of which cloud is handling a request.
High-throughput design principles
The architecture is async-first at every tier. Synchronous paths are reserved only for tool calls with hard latency SLAs. Inference is always routed by task type. Agent session memory lives in a Redis-tier cache, never the origin store on hot paths. All three clouds provide horizontal autoscaling at the compute layer. The multi-cloud fabric gives a genuine cross-cloud autoscaling surface, not three independent siloed stacks.